Influenza

Influenza is an acute respiratory disease caused by the influenza virus and belongs to C class infectious disease. Influenza is more common in winter and spring, and the clinical manifestations are the main symptoms of systemic poisoning such as high fever, fatigue, headache, cough, and general muscle aches, while respiratory symptoms are mild. The influenza viruses are RNA viruses from the family Orthomyxoviridae and are classified as either type A or type B based on the viral nucleoprotein (NP). The viral genome is composed of 8 unique RNA segments, and the viral structure consists of a lipid envelope and a layer of matrix proteins surrounding the ribonucleoprotein complex. Two proteins, the viral hemagglutinin (HA) protein and the neuraminidase (NA) protein protrude from the lipid envelope. The HA protein is related to the entry of viruses into cells and is the main antigen involved in the immune response to infection or vaccine. Based on different combinations of HA and NA proteins, influenza A viruses can be divided into subtypes. Influenza A virus strains that infect humans usually have one of three HA proteins (H1, H2, H3) and one of two NA proteins (N1, N2).

Diagnosis of Influenza

Here are the diagnostic methods for influenza:

• Routine blood examination. There will be a decrease in the total number of white blood cells at the beginning of the disease. Reduced lymphocyte count occurs in severe influenza virus infection. When combined with the bacterial infection, the total number of white blood cells and neutrophils increase.
• Blood biochemical examination. Elevations of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine can be detected. Some patients will have electrolyte disturbances such as hypokalemia. Elevated creatine kinase may be present in a few cases. Blood lactic acid may be elevated in shock cases.
• Pathogen detection. The detection methods include viral nucleic acid detection, virus culture and isolation, antigen detection and serological detection. The first two are based on respiratory tract specimens (nasal, throat swabs, sputum, nasopharyngeal or tracheal aspirates) for virus detection, and the latter two are immunological examinations that can be used to capture traces of the virus.
• Imaging diagnosis. Common influenza does not require imaging tests. Imaging examination of complicated pneumonia can detect patchy and ground glass shadows in the lungs. In severe cases, it will develop into diffuse exudative lesions of both lungs. In some cases, pleural effusion can be observed.

Advantages of Our Products

The onset of influenza is sudden and highly contagious. According to the disease mechanism of influenza, the patient has the best therapeutic effect of medication within 24 hours, otherwise, it is easy to induce other chronic diseases, so rapid detection is very necessary. Creative Biogene's influenza diagnostic products are mainly rapid detection kits, based on immunochromatographic analysis or real-time PCR, etc., with simple operation, and most of them can help you get accurate diagnosis results within 1 hour.

Creative Biogene has a professional team of experts who developed quality influenza diagnostic products. More discounts, more surprises, we look forward to your selection!

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Reference

1. Influenza, WHO Global. (2011). "Manual for the laboratory diagnosis and virological surveillance of influenza."