Human IgG1 Anti SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S1) Antibody

Coronavirus contains at least four structural proteins: spike protein (S), envelope protein (E), membrane protein (M) and nucleocapsid protein (N). Spike glycoprotein is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that plays an important role in mediating viral infections and is common to all HCoV. The S protein is composed of two subunits S1 and S2. The S1 subunit binds to cell receptors through its receptor-binding domain (RBD), and then a conformational change occurs in the S2 subunit, so that the fusion peptide is inserted into the host target cell membrane. The heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region in the S2 subunit forms a homotrimeric assembly, and the surface exposes three highly conserved hydrophobic grooves on the surface-bound to the heptad repeat 2 (HR2). This six-helix bundle (6-HB) core structure is formed during the fusion process, which helps to bring the virus membrane and cell membrane close together for virus fusion and entry. Therefore, S protein is an important target protein for the development of specific drugs.